Polydactylism in Cats: Causes, Unique Characteristics, and Its Impact on Cat Evaluation

 

Polydactylism in Cats: Causes, Unique Characteristics, and Its Impact on Cat Evaluation

by Billy D Manus II  |  October 01, 2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Image) Beary ‘My cat Beary'


Polydactylism, a genetic anomaly that results in extra toes, is a fascinating trait found in domestic cats. Popularized by the famous writer Ernest Hemingway and his affection for polydactyl cats, these feline creatures have captivated the imaginations of cat enthusiasts and researchers alike. In this essay, we will explore the causes of polydactylism, the unique characteristics it imparts to affected cats, and the complex question of whether this trait makes a cat more valuable.

 

Causes of Polydactylism

Genetics

Polydactylism is primarily inherited through genetic mutations. It is an autosomal dominant trait, which means that cats with even one copy of the polydactyl gene will exhibit the trait. The specific gene responsible for polydactylism in cats is called "Pd." When a cat inherits one copy of the Pd gene from either parent, it will develop extra toes. If both parents carry the gene, the likelihood of polydactyl kittens increases substantially.

Spontaneous Mutations

While the majority of polydactyl cats inherit the trait through genetics, some cases result from spontaneous mutations. These mutations can occur randomly, without any family history of polydactylism. This spontaneous occurrence adds to the mystique surrounding polydactyl cats and has sparked interest in understanding the genetic basis of such mutations.

 

Unique Characteristics of Polydactyl Cats

Extra Toes

The most noticeable feature of polydactyl cats is their extra toes. These additional digits can vary in number and size, but they are typically found on the front paws. Polydactyl cats may have one or two extra toes on each paw, giving them a "mitten" or "snowshoe" appearance. This unique physical trait sets them apart from typical cats and often captures the attention of cat lovers.

Enhanced Dexterity

One intriguing aspect of polydactylism is that it can enhance a cat's dexterity. The extra toes provide additional gripping ability, making polydactyl cats adept at climbing, hunting, and manipulating objects. This increased dexterity can be advantageous for outdoor cats, as they are better equipped to navigate various terrains and catch prey.

Historical Significance

Polydactyl cats hold historical significance, particularly due to their association with Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway was gifted a six-toed polydactyl cat, which eventually led to a colony of these cats at his Key West, Florida, home. These cats, often referred to as "Hemingway cats" or "mitten cats," have become a symbol of his legacy. Many of them still reside at the Hemingway House, serving as living reminders of the author's affection for polydactyl felines.

 

Evaluation of Polydactyl Cats

Aesthetic Appeal

The unique appearance of polydactyl cats often leads to their increased valuation. The extra toes give them a distinctive and charming look that many cat enthusiasts find appealing. Their unusual appearance can make them more desirable as pets and collectors' items, contributing to their perceived value.

Rarity

While polydactylism is not exceedingly rare, it is not as common as the standard four-toed variety. This relative rarity can lead to increased demand for polydactyl cats, which in turn can affect their market value. Breeders may charge more for polydactyl kittens because of their scarcity within certain breeds.

Cultural and Historical Significance

Polydactyl cats, as exemplified by the Hemingway cats, can hold cultural and historical significance. Such cats may have a higher value due to their connection to famous individuals or historical contexts. Collectors and enthusiasts may be willing to pay a premium for cats that carry this unique heritage.

Ethical Considerations

It is essential to approach the valuation of polydactyl cats with ethical considerations in mind. Some argue that assigning a higher value to these cats based solely on their physical traits perpetuates breeding practices that prioritize aesthetics over the health and well-being of the animals. Responsible breeding practices should prioritize the overall health and temperament of cats rather than specific physical characteristics.

Costs

An average breed of polydactyl kitten ranges between $300 up to $500 with pure bred cats fetching up to $2,000.

 

Conclusion

Polydactylism in cats is a captivating genetic anomaly that has piqued the interest of cat lovers, researchers, and collectors for generations. Understanding the causes of polydactylism, appreciating the unique characteristics it imparts to affected cats, and navigating the complex issue of cat valuation are all part of the broader conversation surrounding these extraordinary felines. While polydactyl cats may indeed hold a special place in the hearts of many, it is crucial to remember that their true value lies not just in their physical traits but in the care and love they receive as cherished members of our families.

Sources:

Wikipedia

Halifax Vet Hospital, Does Your Cat Have Extra Toes, https://www.halifaxvethospital.com/does-your-feline-have-extra-toes-the-history-behind-polydactyl-cats/

Purina, What Are Polydactyl Cats, https://www.purina.co.uk/articles/cats/behaviour/common-questions/polydactyl-cats

Epic Pet Club, Are Polydactyl Cats Worth More Money, AJ Oren https://epicpetclub.com/are-polydactyl-cats-worth-money/